Signs you may need root canal treatment
The soft tissue inside a tooth (the pulp) can become infected after deep decay, a crack or an injury. Possible signs include:
- Severe toothache, especially when chewing or biting
- Sensitivity to hot or cold that lingers
- Swollen or tender gums near a tooth
- A darkened or discoloured tooth
- A small pimple-like bump on the gum
Why save the tooth?
Keeping your natural tooth helps you chew comfortably and prevents neighbouring teeth from drifting into the gap. Your dentist will explain whether root canal treatment is suitable and discuss the alternatives.
Only an examination by a dentist can confirm whether a tooth needs root canal treatment — some teeth need it without causing much pain.
When to seek urgent help: Seek urgent care if you have facial swelling that is spreading, a high fever, or difficulty swallowing or breathing.
What to expect
- 1
Examination
The dentist examines the tooth and may advise an X-ray to see the roots and the extent of infection.
- 2
Numbing the tooth
A local anaesthetic is used so the area is numb and you are comfortable during treatment.
- 3
Cleaning the canals
The infected pulp is removed and the root canals are cleaned, shaped and disinfected.
- 4
Filling and sealing
The canals are filled and the tooth is sealed. Treatment may take more than one visit, and a crown may be recommended to protect the tooth.
What to bring or prepare
- Eat a light meal before your appointment unless told otherwise
- Bring any previous dental X-rays or reports
- Tell the dentist about your medical conditions, allergies and current medicines
- Mention if you are pregnant
Frequently asked questions
Is root canal treatment painful?
The treatment is done under local anaesthetic, so it should feel similar to having a filling. The tooth may feel tender for a few days afterwards, which usually settles.
How many visits will I need?
It depends on the tooth and how much infection there is. Some teeth are treated in one visit; others need two or more.
How should I look after the tooth afterwards?
Avoid chewing hard food on that side until the tooth is fully restored, keep brushing and cleaning normally, and contact the clinic if pain or swelling gets worse.